Briefly introduce the structure and principle of wire bending machine
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Briefly introduce the structure and principle of wire bending machine
Wire bending machine is an automated or semi-automated equipment used to bend metal wire into a specific shape. It is widely used in hardware processing, furniture manufacturing, automotive parts and other fields. Its structural composition and working principle are as follows:
Structural composition
Body frame
The main support structure is usually welded from high-strength steel to ensure the stability and rigidity of the equipment.
Feeding mechanism
Feeding wheel/roller: driven by a motor, the wire is pulled out of the coil and pushed to the bending station.
Straightening device (optional): Straighten the wire during the feeding process to ensure bending accuracy.
Bending mechanism
Bending die/cutter head: a replaceable die designed according to the shape of the product, which directly contacts the wire to complete the bending.
Servo motor/hydraulic cylinder: provides power to drive the bending head for precise angle and position control.
Cutting device (optional)
Cut the wire after bending is completed, suitable for continuous production.
Control system
PLC or CNC system: preset program controls parameters such as feeding length, bending angle, speed, etc.
Operation panel: Manual input of instructions or selection of processing program.
Auxiliary components
Lubrication system: Reduce friction between steel wire and mold.
Sensor: Detect feeding length, position error, etc., and feedback to the control system.
2. Working principle
Feeding stage
The steel wire is straightened and pushed to the bending station by the feeding wheel, and the length is precisely controlled by the encoder or servo system.
Positioning stage
After the steel wire reaches the preset position, the clamp (such as pneumatic clamp) fixes the steel wire to prevent movement.
Bending stage
The bending mold (or cutter head) applies force to the steel wire under power drive to bend it around the mold shape.
Complex shapes (such as U-shaped, ring, 3D curve) can be completed through multi-axis linkage (such as X/Y/Z axis).
Cutting and discharging (optional)
After bending, the cutting knife separates the finished product from the remaining material, and the finished product is collected by the chute or robot.
Cyclic operation
The control system automatically repeats the above process to achieve continuous batch production.
3. Core features
High precision: servo motor and CNC system ensure bending angle error ≤±0.5°.
High efficiency: dozens of bends can be completed per minute (speed depends on wire diameter and complexity).
Flexibility: different shapes can be processed by changing the mold, adapting to multi-variety small batch production.
4. Application examples
Furniture industry: making hooks and spring parts.
Automotive industry: producing seat frames and brake pedal springs.
Construction industry: processing steel bar hoops and fixing fasteners.
By adjusting parameters and molds, wire bending machines can adapt to processing needs from thin wires (such as φ1mm) to thick wires (such as φ16mm).
